BIOL 110 Chapter Notes - Chapter 20: Start Codon, Ribosomal Rna, Transfer Rna
Document Summary
Gene to protein: the central dogma: dna transcribed to mrna, mrna translated into proteins, dna codes for protein synthesis via transcription and translation, template strand is used to make mrna. Gene to protein: the triplet code: sequence of nucleotides determines the type of protein that is synthesized. Gene to protein: translation ingredients: mrna, rrna, and trna are all needed for protein synthesis rrna combines with proteins to form ribosomes, ribosomes. Two subunits; large and small trna molecules transport amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain. Has an amino acid attachment site for a particular amino acid and an anticodon. Sequence of three nucleotides that is complementary to a sequence of bases in the mrna strand: enzyme aminoacyl-trna synthetase. Ensures that a given trna molecule picks up only its specific amino acid. Contains sites that bind to amino acids and trna. Each trna has a corresponding aminoacyl-trna (to ensure high fidelity of protein translation) Polypeptide grows by addition of amino acids.