01:447:380 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Turner Syndrome, Y Chromosome, Genic

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Sexual reproducion is the formaion of ofspring that are geneically diferent from their parents sexual reproducion consists of two processes that lead to alternaion of haploid and diploid cells: meiosis produces haploid gametes, and ferilizaion produces diploid zygotes. Sex (sexual phenotype) determinaion is usually associated with chromosomes or genes. In some species, both sexes can be present in the same organism, a condiion termed hermaphrodiism. The chromosome theory of heredity states that genes are located on chromosomes, which serve as vehicles for the segregaion of genes in meiosis. Mcclung observed that the cells of female grasshoppers had one more chromosome than in the cells of male grasshoppers, and he concluded that accessory chromosomes played a role in sex determinaion. Sex in many organisms is determined by the sex chromosomes, which difer between males and females the non-sex chromosomes are called autosomes. In xx-xo sex determinaion, the male is xo and heterogameic, and the female is xx and homogameic.

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