BIO 103 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Genetic Disorder, Genetic Linkage, Sickle-Cell Disease
13 Sep 2017
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Genes contain instructions for making cells and for work tht goes in them. Genome = complete set of genes for an organism. Genes made of threadlike material called dna: contains chemical bases (adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine) Each person"s genome is unique; starting from conceptions. Sperm and eggs made from germ cells. Genome divided into separate strands called chromosomes containg several thousand genes: humans have 46 chromosomes. Production of gametes: germ cells make copy of each chromosome divides 2x to form four sperm/egg cells so each half has 23. Crossing over section of one chromosome switches places with the same section from its pair: makes the copied chromosome a little different from the original. Chromosomes inherited from each parent correspond in size and in genes they carry: exception = chromosome that determines sex. X is larger and contains genes not found in y. Dominant = instructions are followed whenever it"s present.
