SOC 105 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Differential Association, Edwin Sutherland, Birthmark
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Deviance: the violation of norms (or rules or expectations) O(cid:272)iologists use the ter(cid:373) (cid:862)de(cid:448)ia(cid:374)(cid:272)e(cid:863) to des(cid:272)ri(cid:271)e people"s (cid:374)egati(cid:448)e rea(cid:272)tio(cid:374)s to a(cid:374) Be(cid:272)ker rea(cid:272)tio(cid:374) to a(cid:374) a(cid:272)t (cid:373)akes it de(cid:448)ia(cid:374)t. What is good in one country (ie: making profit on business deals) is bad in another action. Lays out basic guidelines for how we should play our roles and interact with others. Bring about social order: group"s usual a(cid:374)d (cid:272)usto(cid:373)ar(cid:455) so(cid:272)ial arra(cid:374)ge(cid:373)e(cid:374)ts, o(cid:374) (cid:449)hi(cid:272)h its. Stigma: (cid:862)(cid:271)le(cid:373)ishes(cid:863) that dis(cid:272)redit a perso(cid:374)"s (cid:272)lai(cid:373) to a (cid:862)(cid:374)or(cid:373)al(cid:863) ide(cid:374)tit(cid:455) Norms make social life possible by making behavior predictable ie: facial birthmark, huge nose, disability, aids victim, etc. Deviance undermines predictability, the foundation of social life. Social control: a group"s for(cid:373)al a(cid:374)d i(cid:374)for(cid:373)al (cid:373)ea(cid:374)s of e(cid:374)for(cid:272)i(cid:374)g its norms members depend and on which they base their lives. Most negative sanctions are informal (ie: staring at someone, gossiping) Perspective changes the sanctions we may think is appropriate for the situation.