BIO 121 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Dehydration Reaction, Asymmetric Carbon, Monosaccharide

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Chapter 5: the structure and function of large biological molecules. 5. 1 macromolecules are polymers built from monomers. Molecules of life: carbohydrates, lipids, protreins, nucleic acids. Macromolecules: very large molecules important to living organisms. Macromolecules built by joining of monomers: carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids all except lipids. Polymer: long molecule consitisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds . Carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, all except lipids are polymers. The repeating units that serve as building blocks for polymers are called monomers linked by covalent bonds. Polymers are made or broken by enzymes speeding up chemical reactions. Dehydration reaction: monomers are connected by a reaction in which 2 molecules are covalently bonded to each other with the loss of a water molecule. Hydrolysis: polymers are dissembled into monomers the reverse of dehydration. Those cells can then use dehydration reactions to assemble the monomers into new polymers.

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