BIOL 2112 Chapter Notes - Chapter 23: Fibrinogen, Atherosclerosis, Tricuspid Valve

25 views4 pages

scarletbeetle186

4 Jun 2018

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Textbook Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

1.Describe the general functions of a circulatory system.

to acquire nutrients

exchange gases

dispose of waste products

2.Compare the structures and functions of gastrovascular cavities, open circulatory systems, and

closed circulatory systems.

Gastrovascular cavity functions in digestion and distributes substances throughout the

body.

Open Circulatory systems- have a tubular heart, open-ended vessels, and blood that

directly bathes the cells and functions as the interstitial fluid

Closed Circulatory systems- consists of circulatory fluid, blood that is confined to

vessels, keeps blood distinct from the interstitial fluid

3.Compare the cardiovascular systems of a fish, an amphibian, a reptile, a bird, and a mammal.

Fish (2 chamber heart)

Has atrium which receives blood from veins

Has ventricle pumps blood to gills via large arteries

Uses single circulation

Amphibian (3 chambered heart)

Pulmonary circuit carries blood between the heart and gas exchange tissues in the

lungs

Systemic Circuit carries blood between the heart and the rest of the body

Uses double circulation

Reptile (3 chambered heart)

Bird (4 chambered heart)

Mammal (4 chambered heart)

4.Describe the pathway of blood through the mammalian cardiovascular system.

Blood enters the right atrium from the superior and inferior venae cavae, and the coronary sinus.

find more resources at oneclass.com

Unlock document

This preview shows page 1 of the document.
Unlock all 4 pages and 3 million more documents.

Already have an account? Log in

Document Summary

1. describe the general functions of a circulatory system. to acquire nutrients exchange gases dispose of waste products. 2. compare the structures and functions of gastrovascular cavities, open circulatory systems, and closed circulatory systems. Gastrovascular cavity functions in digestion and distributes substances throughout the body. Open circulatory systems- have a tubular heart, open-ended vessels, and blood that directly bathes the cells and functions as the interstitial fluid. Closed circulatory systems- consists of circulatory fluid, blood that is confined to vessels, keeps blood distinct from the interstitial fluid. 3. compare the cardiovascular systems of a fish, an amphibian, a reptile, a bird, and a mammal. lungs. Has ventricle pumps blood to gills via large arteries. Pulmonary circuit carries blood between the heart and gas exchange tissues in the. Systemic circuit carries blood between the heart and the rest of the body. 4. describe the pathway of blood through the mammalian cardiovascular system.

Related Questions

1. Which of the following is the correct sequence of bloodflow?

a. heart --> atery --> arteriole --> capillary -->vein --> venule --> heart

b. heart --> vein --> venule --> capillary -->arteriole --> artery --> heart

c. heart --> artery --> arteriole --> capillary -->venule --> vein --> heart

d. heart --> artery --> venule --> capillary -->arteriole --> vein --> heart

e. heart--> artery --> capillary --> arteriole -->venule --> vein --> heart

2. What are the functions of the elastic fibers that are foundin the walls of ateries? (there may be more than one answer)

Select one or more:

a. they allow the artery to stretch and then recoil back to itsoriginal shape as blood is forcegully pumped from the heart intothe arteries

b. they allow arteries to lengthen as the volume of blood in thearteries increase

c. they help maintain a steady blood pressure during thedifferent phases of heart contraction

d. they smooth out the walls of the arteries to preventturbulent blood flow

3. Which of the following are functions of the lymphatic system?(there may be more than one answer)

Select one or more:

a. help fight infections and cancer

b. allows excess interstitial fluid (fluid found between thecells in your tissues) to get dumped back into your blood

c. brings large molecules from fat digestion into thebloodstream so that they can be processed and stored

d. all of the above are functions of the lymphatic system

4. Which of the following blood vessels bring newly oxygenatedblood from the blood vessels in the lungs back to the heart so thatthe heart can pump it to the rest of the body?

Select one:

a. aorta

b. inferior vena cava

c. pulmonary vein

d. pulmonary artery

5. Which of the following mechanisms help blood fight gravity sothat, for instance, it can return from blood vessels in your feetback into your heart? (there may be more than one answer)

Select one or more:

a. breathing allows the pressure in your chest to decrease andallow blood to flow up towards your heart

b. as you walk, the skeletal muscles in your legs contract andsqueeze the veins; since veins have valves, blood flows up anddoesn't backflow back down

c. the force of blood flowing out of the heart and into thearteries pushes all of the blood along, causing blood to return tothe heart

d. precapillary sphincters open to allow blood to flow backtowards the heart

6. The tricuspid and bicuspid/mitral valves prevent backflow ofblood from the atria into the ventricles.

Select one:

True

False

7. The following sequence represents the correct order of bloodflow through the heart:

inferior and superior vena cava --> right atrium --> rightventricle --> pulmonary artery --> lungs --> pulmonaryvein --> left atrium --> left ventricle --> aorta

Select one:

True

False

8. Capillaries are as wide as one red blood cell.

Select one:

True

False

9. The purpose of the coronary arteries is to bring oxygenatedblood to the walls of the heart so that the muscles in the heartwalls can contract.

Select one:

True

False

10. Vasodilation refers to the narrowing of blood vessels.

Select one:

True

False

ultramarinealligator67

True of False: Freshwater environments have a higher concentration of oxygen than saltwater environments.

QUESTION 2 If the difference in partial pressure of gas on either side of the barrier to diffusion is 0, which of these events will occur?

The area for gas exchange will increase to accommodate this similarity.

The constant for diffusion will decrease.

The rate of diffusion will be 0.

The distance thickness of the barrier to diffusion will also be 0.

QUESTION 3 On the x-axis of the oxygenâhemoglobin equilibrium curve is the partial pressure of oxygen in tissues. Which type of blood is most likely to be represented by the right-hand side of the axis? (Hint: the oxygen-hemoglobin equilibrium curve is figure 45.14 in your book on pg 913)

blood found in the left ventricle

blood found in the right atrium

blood found in the superior vena cava

blood found in the inferior vena cava

QUESTION 4 Which of these is an example of pulmonary circulation?

Blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs.

Blood is pumped from the left ventricle to the aorta.

Blood is pumped from the aorta to the cardiac vein.

Blood is pumped from the inferior vena cava to the right atrium.

QUESTION 5 O2 will diffuse from blood to tissue faster in response to which of the following conditions?

an increase in the PO2 of the tissue

a decrease in the PO2 of the tissue

an increase in the thickness of the capillary wall

a decrease in the surface area of the capillary

QUESTION 6 Which of the following promotes oxygen release from hemoglobin?

a decrease in temperature

a decrease in carbon dioxide levels

a decrease in pH

a decrease in carbonic anhydrase

QUESTION 7 How does the medulla oblongata sense the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood?

A. Carbonic anhydrase produced by cells performing cellular respiration is exported and travels though the blood, and binds to a receptor on the medullary respiratory center, which causes a signal amplification resulting in a change in gene expression which results in the production of proteins that will cause the diaphragm to contract

B. CO2 produced by cells performing cellular respiration reacts with blood plasma for form an acid, which increases the pH of the blood, which causes the medullary respiratory center to contract the diaphragm

C. CO2 produced by cells performing cellular respiration reacts with blood plasma for form an acid, which decreases the pH of the blood, which causes the medullary respiratory center to contract the diaphragm

D. A and B

E. A and C

QUESTION 8 Which of the following parts of the lung are considered "dead space"? A. The alveoli B. The trachea C. The bronchi D. B and C E. All of the above

QUESTION 9 Which of the following blood vessels have the thinnest walls?

arteries

arterioles

capillaries

venules

veins

QUESTION 10 How does the interstitial fluid return to the bloodstream?

A. Interstitial fluid flows into the capillary where the osmotic pressure driving fluid into the bloodstream is greater than the blood pressure driving fluid out of the blood

B. Interstitial fluid flows into the capillary where the blood pressure driving fluid into the bloodstream is greater than the osmotic pressure driving fluid out of the blood

C. Interstitial fluid leaves the tissue via lymphatic ducts and travels through the lymphatic system, which returns the fluid to the veins. D. A and C

E. B and C

QUESTION 11 True or False: When an electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) shows a flat line (aka asystole), medical personnel will restart the heart using a defibrillator.

azureprairie-dog128

BIOL 2112 Chapter Notes - Chapter 23: Fibrinogen, Atherosclerosis, Tricuspid Valve

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

BIOL 1202 Chapter : Test 5 Notes Part 1 Ch 42 43

BIOL 1002 Lecture : FINAL NOTES

BIOL 1202 Lecture : Final Notes + Objectives + Figures

Related Questions