ENVT 0845 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, Kinetic Energy, Ionic Bonding

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Chapter 3: the physical science of the environment. To study about matter (ecosystem function?) and water (most important molecule in ecosystem) and essential for all life functions) Structural and functional element of organism are organic molecule. 92 naturally occurring elements + 20 synthesized. Atomic mass sum of proton + neutron. Elements are made of one type of atom. Same number of protons, different number of neutrons: carbon has 6 protons, may have 6, 7, or 8 neutrons, different weights useful in science. Radioactive isotopes: some unstable, decay at steady rate, emit radiation, half-life: time it takes for half of the atom to decay. Results in overall charge: gained electron = negative charge, lost electron = positive charge. Two or more atoms combined: oxygen (o2), nitrogen (n2) Molecules made from more than one element: carbon dioxide (co2), water (h2o) Covalent bonds: atoms share electrons, strong bond, some molecules share electrons equally. Molecule nonpolar: example: o2, others do not share equally.

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