BIL 150 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Anaerobic Respiration, Biofuel, Acetaldehyde

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bluehare970

25 Sep 2015

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Chapter 9: cellular respiration and fermentation: fermentation is a partial degradation of sugars or other organic fuel that occurs without the use of oxygen, important points on anaerobic respiration: A net of 2 atp is produced from glycolysis. The 2 nadh produced in glycolysis are used to convert pyruvic acid to ethanol or lactic acid. It occurs in the cytosol of the cell: pyruvate is converted to ethanol in two steps. First, the carbon dioxide is released from the pyruvate, which is converted to the two-carbon acetaldehyde. In the second step, acetaldehyde is reduced by nadh to ethanol: during lactic acid fermentation, pyruvate is reduced directly by. Loss of electrons from one substance = oxidation. The addition of electrons to a substance = reduction. Nad+ is well suited as an electron carrier because it can cycle easily between oxidized (nad+) and reduced (nadh) states. + functions as an oxidizing agent during respiration.

Related Questions

(31. What is the purpose of cellular respiration/

a. To get O2 into our bodies and to get CO2 out of our bodies

b. To use the energy of sunlight to synthesize sugars

c. To make ATP to power cellular activities d. To hydrolyze ATP

(36. Which of the following accurately describes a distinction between lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic (ethanol) fermentation?

a. Lactic acid fermentation occurs in prokaryotes, whereas alcoholic (ethanol) fermentation occurs in eukaryotes

b. The final electron acceptor in lactic acid fermentation is pyruvate; the final electron acceptor in alcoholic (ethanol) fermentation is acetaldehyde

c. In lactic acid fermentation, NADH is produced by glycolysis; in alcoholic (ethanol) fermentation, NADH is produced by the Krebs cycle

d. In lactic acid fermentation, cell use CO2 in place of oxygen; in alcoholic (ethanol) fermentation, cells use SO4

(37. Which pathway is see in both fermentation and aerobic respiration?

a. Krebs cycle

b. Electron transport

c. Glycolysis d. Pyruvate oxidation

(50. How many molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2) would be produced with 5 turns of the cirtic acid cycle?

a. 2

b. 5

c. 10

d. 12

e. 60

lilaccrocodile636

Fermentation occurs in the absence of oxygen, but O2 is not found in any of the reactions of glycolysis or fermentation. So, what drives these reactions at the level of glycolysis and fermentation? A. In the formation of ethanol, acetaldehyde accepts electrons from NADH, regenerating NAD+ B. ATP is synthesized in glycolysis, only if NAD+ is regenerated during fermentation C. Pyruvate donates electrons to NADH in lactic acid fermentation D. NADH synthesized in glycolysis is used to oxidize pyruvate to acetyl CoA during fermentation reactions E. In the formation of ethanol, pyruvate is decarboxylated in a reversible reaction, once oxygen is present again

teallizard787

1) In eukaryotes, pyruvate is further metabolized via three main catabolic pathways. Circle the following correct statements

I. Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is oxidized leading to the formation of acetyl-CoA and CO2

II. Under aerobic conditions, pyruvate is oxidized leading to the formation of acetyl-CoA and CO2

III. Pyruvate can be reduced to lactate and CO2 during lactic fermentation

IV. Pyruvate can be reduced to ethanol and CO2 during alcoholic fermentation

V. Lactate produced by muscles from pyruvate is converted to glucose in the liver

VI. Lactate produced by the liver from pyruvate is converted to glucose in muscles

BIL 150 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Anaerobic Respiration, Biofuel, Acetaldehyde

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