PSY 230 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Zygosity, Phenotype, Quantitative Trait Locus

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Chapter 2: genetic bases of child development (notes are brief and not in depth-- trying to catch up to switched-in class) The biology of heredity: at conception, the 23 chromosomes in the sperm merge with the 23 chromosomes in the egg. Single gene inheritance: different forms of the same gene are called alleles, a person who inherits the same allele on a pair of chromosomes is homozygous. A person who inherits different alleles is heterozygous; in this case, the instructions of the dominant allele are followed. In incomplete dominance, the person is heterozygous but the phenotype is midway between the dominant and recessive phenotypes. Genetic disorders: most inherited disorders are carried by recessive alleles. Inherited disorders are rarely carried by dominant alleles because individuals with such a disorder usually don"t live long enough to have children: most fertilized eggs that do not have 46 chromosomes are aborted spontaneously after conception.

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