NSC 101 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Fluid Compartments, Prehypertension, Collagen
Document Summary
Major minerals: essential mineral elements required in amounts of 100 mg or more per day. Trace minerals: essential mineral elements required in amounts that are less than 100 mg per day. Electrolytes: are minerals that have positive or negative electrical charges when they"re dissolved in water. Examples are sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium and chloride. Cofactor: ion or molecule that catalyzes chemical reactions. Bioavailability: body"s ability to absorb and use a nutrient. Calcitonin: hormone secreted by the thyroid gland when blood calcium levels are too high osteoporosis: chronic disease characterized by bones with low mass and reduced structure. * although uoride is not an essential nutrient, the mineral strengthens bones and teeth, when ingested in small amounts. * long term consumption of too much uoride can uorosis. * major mineral potassium and sodium play a vital role in maintaining normal body uid balance. * potassium is the major positively charged ion in the uid thats inside cells.