PSY 290A Chapter Notes - Chapter 1-14: Formal System, Belmont Report, Publication Bias

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Evidence-based treatments: a psychotherapy technique whose effectiveness has been supported by empirical research. Empiricism: the use of verifiable evidence as the basis for conclusions; collecting data systematically and using it to develop, support, or challenge a theory. Theory: a statement or set of statements that describes general principles about how variables relate to one another. Hypothesis: a statement of the specific relationship between a study"s variables that the researcher expects to observe if a theory is accurate. Data: a set of observations representing the values of some variable, collected from one or more research studies. Falsifiable: a feature of a scientific theory, in which it is possible to collect data that will prove the theory wrong. Parsimony: the degree to which a theory provides the simplest explanation of some phenomenon. Weight of the evidence: a conclusion drawn from reviewing scientific literature and considering the proportion of studies that is consistent with a theory.

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