BIOL 180 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Mountaineering, Lythrum Salicaria, Pleiotropy
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22. 5 debunking common myths about natural selection and adaptation: After more than two thousand years of belief in typological thinking , the scale of nature, ,and goal-oriented evolution, a great deal of cultural inertia has fostered myths about evolution by natural selection. During the process of natural selection, individuals do not change - only the population does. During the drought, the beaks of individual nches did not become deeper. Rather ,the average beak depth in the population increased over time because deep-beaked individual survived and produced more o spring than shallow- beaked individuals did. Natural selection acted on individuals, but the evolutionary change occurred in the characteristics of the population. When mutant alleles increase in frequency in the population over time, the average characteristics of the population change. There is a sharp contrast between evolution by natural selection and evolution by the inheritance of acquired characters - the hypothesis promoted by jean-baptiste de.
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Related Questions
Which statement about evolution by natural selection isfalse?
Natural selection allows organisms with higher fitness toreproduce more successfully. |
Natural selection favors those traits that confer higherfitness in the environment. |
Natural selection is a random change in characteristics of apopulation over generations. |
Evolution by natural selection affects populations oforganisms, not individual organisms. |
An organism's fitness depends on its _____.
ability to survive and reproduce |
ability to swap genetic material with other organisms |
physical size |
ability to mutate |
population |
Consider the heavily armored stickleback fish population thatcolonized the lake. If all the individuals in that population weregenetically identical, what do you predict would happen when theycolonized the freshwater lake?
The population would increase, as it has increased foodresources. |
The population would evolve through natural selection to bebetter adapted to its environment. |
The population would decrease due to more juvenile fish beingeaten. |
No answer text provided. |
Which of the following are adaptations?
Thicker beaks on finches that allows them to eat large seeds,when large seeds are the most abundant. |
Less armor on stickleback fish in freshwater that allows themto grow faster to avoid predation. |
More armor on stickleback fish in the ocean that prevents themfrom being eaten by larger predators. |
None of the above. |
All of the above. |