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EDUC 107 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: Homophily, Collectivism, Mental Rotation

40 views7 pages
orangemacaw736
16 Jun 2016
School
UC-Irvine
Department
Education
Course
EDUC 107
Professor
Stephanie Reich

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Document Summary

The social classes will make a difference on what activities the kid will be involved in and will learn through. A family with a lot of money may have their kid do tutoring and piano. As oppose to a poorer family whom may just take them too family parties. They will both learn important thing but the richer one will be exposed to more and may learn academic things faster. As opposed to early childhood were their self-concept is generally positive by middle childhood it becomes more balanced and nuanced. Unlike a preschooler a 4th grader does not see themselves as all good. They are more complex and realize that sometimes they act different depending on the situation. They can compare the ideal and the real self. Their concept of self becomes more multifaceted, reflecting the views of their parents and peers. Now able to consider two different concepts or dimensions (such as nice and mean) at the same time.

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Related Questions

What's your feed back after reading this article "Voices: So you’re ready to be an accountant"?

----

Voices: So you’re ready to be an accountant?

Welcome to the accounting profession! As you take your first steps on your hopefully long, prosperous and rewarding career journey, there are some things you should know. Things that are contrary to the lackluster stereotype of CPAs!

Truth be told, accountants are often the most trusted advisors in business, tax and wealth planning. We are the professionals whom leaders of industry turn to for assistance in guiding their businesses through a maze of regulatory issues to profitability; the ones high-net-worth families rely on to develop strategies that create and preserve wealth; and the ones whose knowledge and problem-solving abilities help individuals and organizations realize their goals.

Having spent more than three decades interviewing hundreds of campus recruits and watching young CPAs develop and grow into trusted advisors, I want to share with you 10 truths to guide you on your path to success in the accounting profession.

(For a slideshow version of this,click here (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site..)

Be inquisitive. As a recent graduate, you are not expected to know how to put your knowledge into practice. In fact, most of your new colleagues expect that you will rely on them to learn the ropes. If you have a question, ask it, whether it is how to complete a task, how the laws have changed or how to handle a client challenge. It is better to ask a question and potentially appear uninformed than it is to take action without having the right information. You must still perform research to learn, but do not be afraid to ask for help. Being vulnerable is an essential component to becoming a caring professional with an arsenal of knowledge to advise clients.

Commit the effort to hone your skills. Your education provided you with a solid base upon which you can build a rewarding career in accounting, but there is so much more to learn. Roll up your sleeves and take advantage of every opportunity to acquire knowledge. Enhance both your technical and leadership skills and become a proficient advisor in a practice area or industry where your passion and leadership can shine. The more you learn, the more you increase your chances of becoming a valued and trusted advisor.

Bloomberg News

Get out of your comfort zone and take risks. Avoid complacency and the risk of falling into a routine that keeps you stagnant and impedes your ability to achieve the career you desire. Be open to new people, new ideas and new experiences; share your curiosity; and have fun. You may have planned to be an auditor, but if you are tapped for a valuation project, go with it and see what you can learn. By taking risks, you can step into new opportunities and grow in the process. You have chosen a profession where constant change and challenge are the norm. Embrace every new experience to enhance your career.

Be honest and accountable.As a new professional, you are bound to make mistakes. We will never expose you to more risk than you can handle. If you never make a mistake, you will never learn. Be accountable for your actions and immediately let someone know to help you mitigate any damages. If you attempt to hide the mistake, you compound the problem. Every mistake is an opportunity for you to learn something that ultimately supports your long-term success.

Understand and adapt to the seasons of an accountant’s life. Accountants live and breathe by deadlines. Unlike your time in college, when you could cram a semester of knowledge into a few days before a final exam, you cannot build a career as an accountant by pulling all-nighters. Deadline season is a known factor that you can count on and prepare for in advance. Learn how to smooth out your workflow by taking advantage of non-deadline times to get work done prior to delivery dates. We want you to have a quality life outside the office where personal matters may pop up just when you’re working on deadline. Get it done early.

Collaborate and make friends with your coworkers. With so much of our day spent at work, it is important to develop and nurture relationships with your colleagues. Take advantage of every opportunity to socialize with the people in your office, at every level and in every department. Learn to leverage their expertise to help you with client issues. Introduce them to others at every opportunity. Professionally, your coworkers play a strategic role in moving the firm forward and supporting your development. At all times, treat others with dignity and respect. On a personal level, you may be surprised to find how much you have in common with your coworkers, many of whom will become your closest friends and loudest cheerleaders.

Build your network and cultivate relationships with mentors. Accounting is an apprenticeship profession in which people develop people. Seek out and develop relationships with professionals you admire and who understand this concept. Ask questions and acquire knowledge that will empower you and support your ongoing professional development. We are invested in your ultimate success.

Based on surveys of Accounting Today readers, this web seminar will identify some of their favorite apps from the QB ecosystem, and share how they use them to boost productivity.

Get out of the office and make community a priority. Expanding your network of contacts and experiences outside of the firm is vital in your development as a professional accountant and as a leader. Be strategic in deciding which community, civic and charitable organizations align with your passions, your available time and your goals. Giving back to the community means more than opening your wallet. Give your time, your expertise, your leadership. Start with your network of fellow graduates and make a concerted effort to establish meaningful relationships with professional and community organization where your knowledge and leadership can make an impact.

Build and protect your personal brand.Your personal brand is the reputation you create for yourself based on the things you do and say, both at work and in your personal life. It is how others perceive you, how they remember you and why they should seek you out. Building your personal brand is a deliberate process that occurs over the course of your career. Demonstrating your technical skills will not be enough; you must learn all you can about your clients, their industries and their challenges, and you must demonstrate that you provide the value, attention and nurturing they expect and deserve from a trusted consultant.

Discover your passion and pursue it relentlessly. Keep exploring until you find what you love to do and then do it relentlessly. If you are able to discover what you are passionate about, work will become your calling. Your career will be dedicated to pursuing an expertise that will result in others seeking your counsel. Persevere until you discover your passion, and then just have fun!

What's your feed back after reading this article "Voices: So you’re ready to be an accountant"?

----

Voices: So you’re ready to be an accountant? Welcome to the accounting profession! As you take your first steps on your hopefully long, prosperous and rewarding career journey, there are some things you should know. Things that are contrary to the lackluster stereotype of CPAs! Truth be told, accountants are often the most trusted advisors in business, tax and wealth planning. We are the professionals whom leaders of industry turn to for assistance in guiding their businesses through a maze of regulatory issues to profitability; the ones high-net-worth families rely on to develop strategies that create and preserve wealth; and the ones whose knowledge and problem-solving abilities help individuals and organizations realize their goals. Having spent more than three decades interviewing hundreds of campus recruits and watching young CPAs develop and grow into trusted advisors, I want to share with you 10 truths to guide you on your path to success in the accounting profession. (For a slideshow version of this,click here (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site..) Be inquisitive. As a recent graduate, you are not expected to know how to put your knowledge into practice. In fact, most of your new colleagues expect that you will rely on them to learn the ropes. If you have a question, ask it, whether it is how to complete a task, how the laws have changed or how to handle a client challenge. It is better to ask a question and potentially appear uninformed than it is to take action without having the right information. You must still perform research to learn, but do not be afraid to ask for help. Being vulnerable is an essential component to becoming a caring professional with an arsenal of knowledge to advise clients. Commit the effort to hone your skills. Your education provided you with a solid base upon which you can build a rewarding career in accounting, but there is so much more to learn. Roll up your sleeves and take advantage of every opportunity to acquire knowledge. Enhance both your technical and leadership skills and become a proficient advisor in a practice area or industry where your passion and leadership can shine. The more you learn, the more you increase your chances of becoming a valued and trusted advisor. Bloomberg News Get out of your comfort zone and take risks. Avoid complacency and the risk of falling into a routine that keeps you stagnant and impedes your ability to achieve the career you desire. Be open to new people, new ideas and new experiences; share your curiosity; and have fun. You may have planned to be an auditor, but if you are tapped for a valuation project, go with it and see what you can learn. By taking risks, you can step into new opportunities and grow in the process. You have chosen a profession where constant change and challenge are the norm. Embrace every new experience to enhance your career. Be honest and accountable.As a new professional, you are bound to make mistakes. We will never expose you to more risk than you can handle. If you never make a mistake, you will never learn. Be accountable for your actions and immediately let someone know to help you mitigate any damages. If you attempt to hide the mistake, you compound the problem. Every mistake is an opportunity for you to learn something that ultimately supports your long-term success. Understand and adapt to the seasons of an accountant’s life. Accountants live and breathe by deadlines. Unlike your time in college, when you could cram a semester of knowledge into a few days before a final exam, you cannot build a career as an accountant by pulling all-nighters. Deadline season is a known factor that you can count on and prepare for in advance. Learn how to smooth out your workflow by taking advantage of non-deadline times to get work done prior to delivery dates. We want you to have a quality life outside the office where personal matters may pop up just when you’re working on deadline. Get it done early. Collaborate and make friends with your coworkers. With so much of our day spent at work, it is important to develop and nurture relationships with your colleagues. Take advantage of every opportunity to socialize with the people in your office, at every level and in every department. Learn to leverage their expertise to help you with client issues. Introduce them to others at every opportunity. Professionally, your coworkers play a strategic role in moving the firm forward and supporting your development. At all times, treat others with dignity and respect. On a personal level, you may be surprised to find how much you have in common with your coworkers, many of whom will become your closest friends and loudest cheerleaders. Build your network and cultivate relationships with mentors. Accounting is an apprenticeship profession in which people develop people. Seek out and develop relationships with professionals you admire and who understand this concept. Ask questions and acquire knowledge that will empower you and support your ongoing professional development. We are invested in your ultimate success. Based on surveys of Accounting Today readers, this web seminar will identify some of their favorite apps from the QB ecosystem, and share how they use them to boost productivity. Get out of the office and make community a priority. Expanding your network of contacts and experiences outside of the firm is vital in your development as a professional accountant and as a leader. Be strategic in deciding which community, civic and charitable organizations align with your passions, your available time and your goals. Giving back to the community means more than opening your wallet. Give your time, your expertise, your leadership. Start with your network of fellow graduates and make a concerted effort to establish meaningful relationships with professional and community organization where your knowledge and leadership can make an impact. Build and protect your personal brand.Your personal brand is the reputation you create for yourself based on the things you do and say, both at work and in your personal life. It is how others perceive you, how they remember you and why they should seek you out. Building your personal brand is a deliberate process that occurs over the course of your career. Demonstrating your technical skills will not be enough; you must learn all you can about your clients, their industries and their challenges, and you must demonstrate that you provide the value, attention and nurturing they expect and deserve from a trusted consultant. Discover your passion and pursue it relentlessly. Keep exploring until you find what you love to do and then do it relentlessly. If you are able to discover what you are passionate about, work will become your calling. Your career will be dedicated to pursuing an expertise that will result in others seeking your counsel. Persevere until you discover your passion, and then just have fun!

WRITE a one-sentence summary of each paragraph!

The False Income-Inequality Narrative

BY JASON L. RILEY

Published in the Wall Street Journal on Sept. 29, 2015

An enduring theme of the Democratic presidential race has been income inequality, coupled with an enduring belief that America's affluent reached their status at the expense of the poor and the middle class.

Bernie Sanders speaks of little else on the stump. And when not busy dissembling on her handling of email correspondence at the State Department, Hillary Clinton will tell you that the deck is still stacked in favor of those at the top. If Joe Biden gets in, expect more of the same. The vice president is said to be contemplating a 2016 bid in large part because struggling middle-income families may have trouble relating to Mrs. Clinton on inequality given her high living since leaving the White House.

This theme, in any case, seems to resonate with voters, which is no huge shock in the sixth year of an economic recovery. Envy and resentment fuel class warfare and lackluster economic growth throughout the Obama presidency have made people less optimistic and more inclined to fault others for their circumstances. A Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll this week reports that four-in-five Americans “were either angry because our political system seems to only be working for the insiders with money and power or anxious and uncertain. After all, the economy still feels rocky and unpredictable or both.

Liberals want to address income disparities through wealth redistribution by taking money from more productive people and giving it to the less productive in the name of fairnessÂť as the left defines it. They want to raise income taxes, expand the welfare state, lift minimum wages, and strengthen the bargaining power of unions. Mr. Sanders has been the most explicit about this, even going so far as to propose a wealth tax. Our economic goals have to be redistributing a significant amount of [wealth] back from the top 1%,Âť the senator said in July.

In reality, the left has overstated the problem. And all the focus on divvying up existing wealth instead of creating more risks making matters far worse for the people they are trying to help and the country in general. To the extent that the expanding welfare state allows more people to live without working and therefore without earning income or developing their own human capital—supporters of the welfare state are contributing to the very income disparities they so much decry, writes economist Thomas Sowell in his new book, “Wealth, Poverty and Politics.

Mr. Sowell is the author of more than 30 books over the past four decades, many having to do with what drives different social and economic outcomes among different groups in the U.S. and elsewhere. In his latest tome, he draws from this well of research to do what he has done so well for so long: question basic assumptions behind public policy and follow the facts where they lead him.

One common assumption is that proportionate or random outcomes are the natural order of things and that gaps or disparities are evidence of something wrong. In fact, huge disparities are the norm, not the exception, because the demographic, cultural, and political factors that influence the development of the human capital that makes people productive also tend to be unequal.

In 2013, only 9% of U.S. women with college degrees who gave birth were unmarried, versus 61% of women who were high-school dropouts and unmarried. Harvard's Robert Putnam reports that children from professional families will hear 19 million more words than their working-class peers before the first day of kindergarten.

These children don't have the same prospects. Equal opportunity, in the sense of being judged and rewarded by the same standards as others, cannot possibly mean equal life chances for children born and raised in these very different settings,Âťwrites Mr. Sowell. The fact that life is unfair is not the same as saying that a particular institution, or a particular society, is unfair.

The argument that social mobility is a thing of the past in the U.S. also is disputable. Longitudinal studies by the IRS and others that measure the progress of individuals over time show that the American dream is alive and well. One such paper, published by the Pew Charitable Trusts in 2012, measured whether a person has more or less income, earnings, or wealth than his or her parents did at the same ageÂť and concluded that the vast majority of Americans had higher incomes, while 50% had greater wealth.

In other studies, Pew has found generational stagnation but the authors have noted that it didn't apply to immigrants. If low-income immigrants can rise even when the native-born don't, writes Mr. Sowell, that strongly suggests that American society continues to offer opportunities to move up economically, but that not all groups make the same use of these opportunities.

Mr. Riley, a Manhattan Institute senior fellow and Journal contributor is the author of Please Stop Helping Us: How Liberals Make It Harder for Blacks to SucceedÂť (Encounter Books, 2014).