BSC 2010C Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Nitrogenous Base, Purine, Pyrimidine
Document Summary
Macromolecules = large molecules: polymers large molecules with many repeating monomers, monomers repeating subunits used to build substances. Hydrolysis - breaking down a polymer by adding water to separate molecule. Dehydration synthesis joining two subunits by removing a water molecule. Disaccharides are two monomers joined by glycosidic linkage. Polysaccharides are two or more disaccharides: storage starch in plants, glycogen in animals, structural cellulose is a major plant cell wall component. Non-polar & hydrophobic, don"t dissolve in water. Fatty acids (contains lots of cs and hs) Important for energy storage: saturated solid at room temp (butter, unsaturated liquid at room temp (olive oil) Phospholipids phosphate (charged) head and nonpolar tail. R group specific functional group that gives each amino acid its identity: fun fact children"s development can be affected negatively if they cannot metabolize phenylalanine. Peptide bonds (h-n-c=o) hold amino acids together in polypeptide. Quaternary bonding of two or more finished proteins. Hemoglobin complex of 2 alpha & 2 beta subunits.
