PHI 2010 Chapter Notes - Chapter 0: John Stuart Mill

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The sense of dignity which is in proportion to the higher faculties. Utilitarianism: actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness; wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness. Happiness is intended pleasure and absence of pain. Unhappiness is pain and the privation of pleasure. Those who have knowledge of both; if they differ then it will be the vote of the majority of them. Because if each individual in society focuses on the greatest amount of happiness altogether, then each individual will benefit including the agent. Because even if the agent were only to be benefited by the nobleness of others, then the utilitarian end still would be attained by the general cultivation of nobleness of character. Because there is an inextricable connection between the happiness of the collective and the happiness of the individual. Mill believes that the stresses of life (poverty, disease, and the vicissitudes of fortune) are correctable/conquerable.

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