ZOO 3733C Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Serous Membrane, Protein Production, Pinocytosis
Document Summary
Cells are the smallest living structures and functional units of life. Two types of cells: eukaryotic cells (e. g. , animals, plants, fungi) Has several organelles: prokaryotic cells (e. g. , bacteria and archaea) All living organelles are made up of cell(s: an amoeba has only one cell, large plants, animals, and humans are multicellular and have many cells. The human body has 50 to 100 trillion cells. Three main regions of a cell: plasma membrane. Flexible layer around the cell that separates the intracellular from the extracellular compartments. Involved in the transport of substances across the membrane. Allows some material to pass through and keeps other material out. Made up of a double layer lipid membrane consisting of phospholipids, cholesterol, and glycolipids, within which proteins are embedded. Membrane proteins may act as receptors for hormones and neurotransmitters, and are involved in cell-to-cell recognition. Integral proteins: the most abundant, transmembrane, they act as receptors or channels.
