PSYCH 130 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis, Chorionic Villus Sampling, Sickle Cell Trait
Document Summary
Chapter 3: biological foundations, prenatal development, and birth: genetic foundations, the genetic code. A. 1) nucleus contains chromosomes [store and transmit genetic information] Gene segment of dna along length of chromosome. T akes change in single base pair. Human complexity from proteins that our genes make: the sex cells. Crossing over chromosomes next to each other break and exchange segments new heredity combinations. Genetic variability adaptive varying phenotypes chance to survive. Men make sperm throughout life can bear children after maturity. Women born with all ova in ovaries fertile for 3-4 decades. Depends on sperm that fertilizes ovum: multiple offspring. Zygote duplicates into two clusters of cells same genetic make-up. Temperature changes, oxygen levels, late fertilization of ovum, some genetic influence. Release and fertilization of two ova [most common multiple birth] Older maternal age, fertility drugs, in vitro: patterns of genetic inheritance. Heterozygous: alleles differ relationship between alleles determine phenotype. Recessive allele that has no effect.
