ANTH 2 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Periphery Countries, Structural Adjustment, World Economy

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24 Oct 2016
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From foraging to industrial agriculture: a brief survey of food production. Food foragers: humans who subsist by hunting, fishing, and gathering plants to eat. Mobility was important small egalitarian groups followed the movement of large animals and the seasonal growth of fruits, vegetables, and nuts to secure their survival. As time pass, more food foragers incorporate farming and the domestication of animals and others move to places where economic activity and other strategies for food production is not sustainable (ex. cold places or islands) 3 adaptive strategies for food production in non-industrial societies: 1. pastoralism: strategy for food production involving the domestication of animals. 2. horticulture: cultivation of plants for subsistence through non-intensive use of land and labor. Te(cid:272)h(cid:374)i(cid:395)ues> (cid:862)s(cid:449)idde(cid:374) fa(cid:396)(cid:373)i(cid:374)g(cid:863) (slash a(cid:374)d burn agriculture) to clear land, kill insects, and produce nutrient-rich ash that serves as fertilizer. 3. agriculture: intensive farming strategy for food production involving permanently cultivated land. Irrigation, fertilizer, draft animals, and machinery (plows and tractors)

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