MMW 11 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Pulling Power, Pastoralism, Sub-Saharan Africa

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People were from a common ancestor and evolved to be different from early hominids. Stone, bone, and other natural products used to make tools. Foraged for plant food and hunted/set traps for animals. Made a lot more tools and adapted better. Evolution of the species has only taken place for ~250,000 yrs. Esp important to females who would need help sometimes raising infants. Allowed for more complex social structures and communication. Made childbirth more painful and dangerous as narrow pelvises are better for upright walking. Need more energy to function (more food) 25,000 yrs ago ppl were weaving cloth and baskets. 17,000 yrs ago there were bows and atlatls (notched throwing sticks made of bone, wood, or antler and used to launch arrows and things like bows) Lived throughout europe and w asia beginning about 150,000 yrs ago. Had brains the size of modern humans. Used tools that helped them survive the ice age.

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