BISC276 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Sympathetic Ganglion, Autonomic Ganglion, Postganglionic Nerve Fibers
7 Mar 2018
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Chapter 11: efferent division- autonomic and somatic motor control. Autonomic neurons: control smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, many glands, some adipose tissue. Brain triggers massive simultaneous sympathetic discharge throughout the body. Heart speeds up, blood vessels throughout the body dilate, liver produces glucose to provide energy for muscle contraction. Digestion becomes low priority when life/limb is threatened. Blood is diverted from gi tract to skeletal muscles. Dominant in quiet, routine daily activities (digestion, etc. ) Works with endocrine and behavioral state systems to maintain homeostasis. Sensory information from somatosensory and visceral receptors goes to homeostatic control centers in hypothalamus, pons, and medulla (monitor and regulate important functions: blood pressure; temperature; water balance) Neurons that act as sensors such as osmoreceptors (monitor osmolality) and thermoreceptors (monitor body temp) Preservation of the fitness of the internal environment. Antagonistic control (one autonomic branch is excitatory and other is inhibitory) Chemical signals with different effects in different tissues.
