ANTH 1102 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Sunscreen, Genetic Drift, Vitamin D Deficiency

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Natural selection- selection of favored forms through differential reproductive success. Uniformitarianism- belief that natural forces at work today also explain past events. Population genetics- field that studies genetics of breeding populations. Dominant- term describing an allele that masks another allele in a heterozygote. Recessive- term describing a genetic trait masked by a dominant trait. Chromosomes- paired lengths of dna composed of multiple genes. Gene- place (locus) on a chromosome that determines a particular trait. Heterozygote- having dissimilar alleles of a given gene. Homozygote- having identical alleles of a given gene. Independent assortment- chromosomes inherited independently of one another. Meiosis- process by which sex cells are produced. Crossing over- homologous chromosomes intertwine and exchange dna. Gene pool- all the genetic material in a breeding population. Genetic evolution- change in gene (allele) frequency in a breeding population. Sexual selection- selection of traits that enhance mating success. Balanced polymorphism- alleles maintain a constant frequency in a population over time.

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