PSYC 2351 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Role Theory, Gender Role, Natural Selection

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Introduction: gender: the characteristics of people as males and females, gender role: a set of expectations that prescribes how females and males should think, act, and feel. Pubertal change and sexuality: puberty intensifies the sexual aspects of adolescents" gender attitudes and behavior, testosterone levels are correlated with sexual behavior in boys during puberty. Siblings: younger siblings become more similar to their older siblings in terms of gender-role and leisure activity, older siblings become less like their younger siblings. It is generally more accepted for girls to act like boys (tomboy) than it is for boys to act like girls (sissy) Cognitive influences on gender: social cognitive theory: gender develops through observation, imitation, rewards, and punishment. Interactions between person and social environment are the most influential mechanisms for gender development: gender schema theory: gender-typing emerges as children and adolescents gradually develop gender schemas of what is gender-appropriate and gender-inappropriate in their culture.

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