CHEM 130 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4.4-4.6: Bond Length, Pi Bond, Paramagnetism
Document Summary
Molecular orbitals (mos) - can hold 2 electrons with opposite spins. Square of mo wave function indicates electron probability. Sigma molecular orbitals - formed by the head-to-head overlap of atomic orbitals along internuclear axis. Bonding orbital is lower in energy than 1s orbitals of free h atoms. Antibonding orbital is higher in e than 1s orbitals. Bonding molecular orbital is lower in e than the atomic orbitals of which it is composed. E-s will favor molecule favor bonding. Formed by reversing sign of right orbital + phases of both orbitals match btw nuclei constructive interference. // p orbitals are combined w/ + and - phases matched constructive interference bonding pi orbital. Antibonding molecular orbital - higher in e than atomic orbitals of which it is composed. Formed by direct combination of orbitals destructive interference node btw nuclei gives decreased e- probability. Orbitals have opposite phases (signs of 1 orbital are reversed) destructive interferences antibonding pi orbital.