PHYSIOL 201 Chapter 12: Blood Vessels
26 Feb 2019
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Systemic and pulmonary circulations: blood is ejected from the ventricles into arteries and then flows into arterioles capillaries. P = fr, then r = delta p/f. Tpr = 20: *the larges pressure drop occurs in the arterioles. The arterioles have the highest resistance of all vessel types. Blood vessel: layers of the blood vessel walls. Different vessel types have different amounts of various layers, leading to different properties of the different vessels. Inner lining is the endothelium, which is a single layer of endothelial cells. These cells are in contact with the blood. Capillaries have only an endothelial cell layer, without the other layers: behind the endothelial cells is connective tissue (intima and internal elastic lamina, behind the connective tissue layer is a smooth muscle layer. Smooth muscles receive sympathetic innervation and can contract and relax to change the diameter of blood vessels: behind the smooth muscle layer is another layer of connective tissue called the adventitia.
