PSYCH 303 Chapter Notes - Chapter -: Confounding, Dependent And Independent Variables
Document Summary
Rate behaviors according to their own expectations or hypotheses: observer effects/expectancy effect- a change in behavior of study participants in the direction of an observer"s expectation. 1: preventing observer bias and observer effects. Observers can cause the behavior of those they are observing to conform to their expectations. Just because two observers agree with one another, does not mean the common observation is valid they could just have the same biases: use a masked/blind design. Masked/blind design- study design in which the observers are unaware of the experimental conditions to which participants have been assigned: solutions to reactivity, blend in. Unobtrusive observations- an observation in a study made indirectly, through physical traces of behavior, or made by someone who is hidden or is posing as a bystander: example: standing behind a one, wait it out way mirror. Wait until subjects get used to observer"s presence to start recording observations.
