BIOL 2002 Chapter Notes - Chapter 14: Nitrogen Mustard, Mutation, Pyrene

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12 Mar 2017
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Small changes in the sequence of bases in a particular gene. A point mutation affects only a single base pair within the dna. Also involves the addition or deletion of a single base pair. Can have no effect ora dramatic effect like sickle cell disease. A shorter polypeptide is likely to not function properly. Frameshift is the addition of a single base that produces a different amino acid sequence. New mutations are more likely to have reduced rather than enhanced function. A mutation can occur within a noncoding sequence and affect gene expression. Mutation of the promoter sequence may affect rate of transcription. Mutation in regulatory elements or operator site can alter regulation of transcription. Mutation can occur in any cell of the body either early or lite in life. Number and location of cells with mutation are critical to severity and whether it can be passed on.

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