CHEM 2331H Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Antibonding Molecular Orbital, Bond Dipole Moment, Dipole
Document Summary
Electrons should be treated more like waves than particles. 2 types of waves: traveling and standing: traveling wave: sound waves, water waves, standing wave: organ pipe or guitar string vibrating, electron in orbital is more like standing wave. Wavefunction ( ): mathematical description of wave shape as it vibrates: wave is positive for one instant then negative (not charges, electron density at any point = 2, 1s orbital is spherically symmetric. Wave can also have node (part that does not move) wave is out of phase (one part is positive while other is negative and vice versa) 2p orbital is like 1st harmonic of string wave. Covalent bonds = stable b/c in bonding region, electrons are close to both nuclei lowers energy; electrons come between positive nuclei so less nuclei repulsion. Bond length: optimum distance between 2 bonded nuclei; has minimum energy.
