CHEM 2331H Chapter Notes -Equilibrium Constant, Protonation, Cyclopropene

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7. 2b) the pi bond: 2nd bond = pi bond, half = above sigma, half = under, can"t twist isomers. 7. 2) the orbital description of the alkene double bond: double bond has 2 pairs of electrons, which by pauli exclusion principle, each pair needs its own orbital. 7. 2a) the sigma bond framework: ex: ethylene: each c bonded to 3 other atoms, no nonbonding electrons. 3 hybrid orbitals needed sp2 hybridization 120 degree bond angles: bonding: sp2 orbitals of c overlap with s from h. 7. 4) nomenclature of alkenes: simple ones are named like alkanes, but change prefix from ane to ene. If more than 3 c"s, use # for double bond location, start #ing from end closest to double bond: cycloalkenes assumed to have double bond in #1 position. 7. 5a) cis-trans nomeclature: cis-trans isomerism (geometric isomerism) cis = 2 similar groups on same side of double bond trans = similar groups on opposite sides of bond.

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