HUN2201 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Gastric Acid, Salivary Gland, Small Intestine
Document Summary
Why do we want to eat: hunger: physiological drive for food. Can be satisfied by a variety of different foods: appetite: psychological desire to consume specific foods. Aroused by environmental cues: anorexia: physiological need for food, yet no appetite. Can occur with illnesses or side effect of medication: role of nerve cells. Hypothalamus triggers feelings of hunger or satiation (fullness) Integrates signals from nerve cells in other body regions and from chemical messengers. Special cells lining the stomach and small intestine send signals to the brain to indicate if they are full or empty: role of hormones. Hormones: chemical messengers secreted into the bloodstream by endocrine glands to help regulate body functions. Pancreatic hormones, insulin and glucagon, maintain blood glucose levels. Ghrelin and cholesytokinin control hunger and satiety. Leptin acts on the hypothalamus to suppress hunger: foods have differing effects on our feelings of hunger. High-fat diets have a higher satiety value than high-carbohydrate diets.
