BIOS 111 Chapter Notes - Chapter 17: Lactic Acid, Citric Acid Cycle, Acetaldehyde
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Electrons transferred from reduced coenzymes to pyruvic acids. Ensure steady supply of nad+ and nadp+ so glycolysis can continue. Atp generated only during glycolysis: lactic acid fermentation. Molecule of glucose is oxidized into two molecules of pyruvic acid. 2 pyruvic acid reduced by 2 nadh to form 2 lactic acids lactic acid is end product: holds most of the energy from the reaction, streptococcus and lactobacillus. Homolactic produce only lactic acid: alcohol fermentation. Begins with glycolysis of glucose to make 2 pyruvic acids and 2 atp. 2 pyruvic acids converted to 2 acetaldehydes and 2 co2. 2 acetaldehyde reduced by 2 nadh to from 2 ethanol low energy yielding process. Most energy contained in initial glucose molecule remains in ethanol. Heterolactic organisms that produce lactic acid as well as other acids or alcohols. Producers could better control quality of their products: cheese.
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