ANT 301 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10: Homo Heidelbergensis, Homo Erectus, Neanderthal

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Sometimes used pigment (body ornamentation) and wore jewelry. Brains as least as large as humans or larger. Their cranium: large, long, low, and bulging at the sides. They were not hunched over but fully erect. Middle pleistocene- the portion of the pleistocene epoch beginning 780. 000 ya and ending. Late pleistocene- the portion of the pleistocene epoch beginning 125. 000 ya and ending approximately 10. 000 ya. Interglacials- climatic intervals when continental ice sheets are retreating, eventually becoming much reduced in size; interglacials in northern latitudes are associated with warmer temperatures, while in southern latitudes the climate becomes wetter. Later hominins were widely distributed in three continents africa, asia, and europe which became more permanently and densely occupied as middle pleistocene hominins have been discovered from: england, france, spain, germany, italy, hungary, and greece. Key pre-modern human (h. heidelbergensis) fossils from africa. Bodo (ethiopia) mosaic of features (brow ridge very robust but braincase expanded) Earliest example of african: heidelbergensis; likely evidence of butchering.

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