MNS 307 Chapter : Prologue- History of Oceanography.docx

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Geological oceanography- the study of earth at the sea"s edge and below its surface, and the history of the processes that form the ocean basins. Physical oceanography- investigates the causes and the characteristics of water movements such as waves, currents, and tides and how they affect the marine environment. It also includes studies of the transmission of energy such as sound, light, and heat in seawater. Marine meteorology (the study of heat transfer, water cycles, and air-sea interactions) Chemical oceanography- studies the composition and history of the water, its processes, and its interactions. Biological oceanography- concerns marine organisms and the relationship between these organisms and the environment in the oceans. Paleolithic period- humans developed the barbed spear or the harpoon and the gorge (a double-pointed stick interested into bait and attached to a string). Neolithic period- the bone fishhook was developed and later the net. By 5000 bc copper fishhooks were in use.

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