PSY-200 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Conjunction Fallacy, Critical Thinking, Availability Heuristic

• School: University of Tampa
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSY-200
• Professor: Patti Barrows

Document Summary

Deductive reasoning: reasoning from general statements of what is known to specific conclusions. Inductive reasoning: reasoning to general conclusions from specific reasoning. Causal inferences: judgements about the causation of one thing by another. Confirmation bias: the tendency to selectively attend to information that supports one"s general beliefs while ignoring information or evidence that contradicts one"s beliefs. Critical thinking: the process by which one analyzes, evaluates, and forms ideas. Metacognitive thinking: the process that includes the ability first to think and then to reflect on one"s own thinking. Heuristics: mental shortcuts; methods for making complex and uncertain decisions and judgements. Representativeness heuristic: a strategy used to estimate the probability of one event based on how typical it is of another event. Availability heuristic: a device we use to make decisions based on the ease with which estimates come to mind or how available they are to our awareness.