BIOL 150 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Peptide, Motor Protein
Document Summary
Catalysis - many proteins are specialized to catalyze, or speed up, a reaction. A protein that functions as a catalyst is called an enzyme. Covalent bonds - di sulfide bridges can occur between the sulfur-containing r- groups of two cysteine residues. Defense - antibodies and complement proteins attack and destroy viruses and bacteria that cause disease. Hydrogen bonds - can stabilize interactions between two polar r - groups. Hydrophobic - interactions cause hydrophobic side chains to coalesce into a globular mass. Ionic bonds - can form between oppositely changed r - groups. Movement - motor proteins and contractile proteins are responsible for moving the cell itself. Protein structure - each protein has a unique sequence of amino acids. Quaternary structure - arises when different polypeptides interact. Secondary structure - when parts of the polypeptide backbone interacts. Signaling - proteins are involved in carrying and receiving signals from cell to cell inside the body.
