CHEM 120 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Debye, Chemical Polarity, Electronegativity
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Bond polarity describes the sharing of electrons between atoms. Electronegativity is a measure of the ability of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons to itself. Related to trends in ionization energy and electron af nity. Ionic vs. covalent character of bonds: the larger the difference in electronegativity, the more polar the bond, negative end toward more electronegative atom, a dipole is a material with a + and end. ___________: if it is an anion, add one electron for each negative charge, if it is a cation, subtract one electron for each positive charge. Writing lewis structures: find the sum of valence electrons of all atoms in the polyatomic ion or molecule, the central atom is the least electronegative element that isn"t hydrogen. Exceptions to the octet rule: radicals: molecules or ions that have unpaired electrons are called radicals. Odd electron species cannot satisfy the octet rule.
