HIEU 242 Chapter Notes - Chapter 26: Article 231 Of The Treaty Of Versailles, Senvion, Economic Nationalism
22 May 2018
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Wednesday, May 2, 2018
HIEU 242 Ch 26 Notes
-Aug 23, 1939- Russia and Germany unite to destroy Poland
-Sept 1, 1939- Hitler invades Poland
•beginning of WWII (in Europe)
-belief that the world was now characterized by ideologies and worldview meant scale
of killing overtook even that of WWI
•firepower and mobility combined
•targets (civilians) not tactics
-gypsies, homosexuals, deviants, Jews
•US first use of atomic bomb
-causes of the war:
•aggressively expansionist policy of Hitler’s Germany
•punishing terms of Versailles Treaty
-created new nation states: Austria, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary,
Yugoslavia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia
•reflected outcome of armed conflict
-war guilt clause and naval blockade created legitimate grievances
•failure to create lasting standards for peace and security post 1918
-League of Nations failed
•economic conditions
-slowed German recovery—> inflation
-Great Depression- intensified economic nationalism
•brought Nazis to power
•exacerbated political battles in France
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Wednesday, May 2, 2018
•US withdrew from world affairs
•blend of violent nationalism and modern ideologies that glorified the nation and
national identity
-1930s brought tensions and failures caused by treaties of 1919-1920 out
•fascist and nationalist governments launched new conquests and efforts at national
expansion
•appeasement
-provoking another war unthinkable
-Germany has the right to be mad
-anticommunist
•Soviets greater threat than Hitler
•inability to take action
-fear of communism by Britain and France- hope that Italy and Japan would act as
counterweights to Soviets
-enforcing would require challenging Japan or Mussolini’s battleships and both
France and Britain unwilling and unable
-Spanish Civil War (1936-1939)
•General Francisco Franco attempted to overthrow Republic and seize power
•supported by Hitler and Mussolini
•Soviet Union supported Republic
•many others took up support of Republic to see the resistance to fascism
•500k+ died
-Germany and Russia used it as practice for later war
•Franco wins in 1939
•allowed Hitler to learn
-powers have a hard time coordinating to contain fascism
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Wednesday, May 2, 2018
-Britain and France wanted no part of European War—> used to advance
ambitions
-Hitler says fuck you Europe
•1933- removes Germany from League of Nations
•1935- revived conscription and universal military training
•1936- Germany reoccupies Rhineland
-tips upper hand to Germany
•1938- annexed Austria
-gains part of Czechoslovakia
•allowed because Britain hoped if Germany felt satisfied they wouldn’t want war
•1939- invaded rest of Czechoslovakia
-annexed Bohemia and Moravia
-established puppet regime in Slovakia
•Britain and France step up their army recruiting in anticipation of war
•Britain and France try to partner with Stalin for a two front war, Hitler promises
Stalin parts of land and Stalin makes agreement with Nazis
-Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939)
-beginning of war in Europe
•Sept 1, 1939- Hitler invades Poland
•Sept 3, 1939- Britain and France declare war on Germany
•Poland never expected to win, just hold out long enough for their allied to arrive
-allies never came
•Sept 17, 1939- Soviets move into Poland
•Nov 1939- Polish Jews separated from society
-punishments death or concentration camps (Hitler)
-deportations, imprisonments, executions (Stalin)
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Document Summary
Aug 23, 1939- russia and germany unite to destroy poland. Sept 1, 1939- hitler invades poland: beginning of wwii (in europe) Belief that the world was now characterized by ideologies and worldview meant scale of killing overtook even that of wwi: repower and mobility combined, targets (civilians) not tactics. Gypsies, homosexuals, deviants, jews: us rst use of atomic bomb. Causes of the war: aggressively expansionist policy of hitler"s germany, punishing terms of versailles treaty. Created new nation states: austria, czechoslovakia, poland, hungary, Yugoslavia, finland, latvia, lithuania, estonia: re ected outcome of armed con ict. War guilt clause and naval blockade created legitimate grievances: failure to create lasting standards for peace and security post 1918. League of nations failed: economic conditions. Great depression- intensi ed economic nationalism: brought nazis to power, exacerbated political battles in france. Wednesday, may 2, 2018: us withdrew from world affairs, blend of violent nationalism and modern ideologies that glori ed the nation and national identity.
