NEUR30002 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase, Covalent Bond, Molecular Mass
11 Aug 2018
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Document Summary
* the problem of distance and transport within neurons. No biosynthesis occurs in axons or axonal terminals. The only things that axon terminals make is small molecule neurotransmitters and this is because it has the enzymes to do it, but those enzymes are made in the cell body like all other protein, lipids and organelles. * essentially all synthesis of proteins and organelles takes place in the cell body. Even the structural components of synapses are synthesized here, and must be transported to the axonal terminal. * dendrites and axons are very different in one fundamental way. In axons no biosynthesis occurs except for the small number of simple reactions that make the small molecule neurotransmitters. * the essential machinery for transport is the microtubules. * retrograde transport is movement toward the cell body, anterograde transport is movement towards the synapse. * things are turned over, so membranes & proteins are gradually disposed of and replaced by new ones.
