BIOL 1050 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Monogastric, Polysaccharide, Starch
14 Feb 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
The four macromolecules are proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Carbo hydrate - carbon + hydrogen + oxygen. Carbohydrates are a key source of energy, and a more important building block for more complex molecules, most common source is glucose (monosaccharides) for plants and animals, galactose and fructose are also used for energy. Polysaccharide are many sugars, covalent bonds between monosaccharides, maltose = glucose. + glucose (sugar for yeast to create ethanol for beer), sucrose = glucose + fructose. Plants and animals store sugars this way, starch = plant sugar storage (potatoes and grains), glycogen = animal storage sugar (muscle, liver) The most common polysaccharide in the plant world is starch for us. In the animal world, glycogen is stored in muscles liver. Plants have structural polysaccharides: compounds like cellulose found in the cell walls, hard for monogastric animals to digest without help, and chitin which is the exoskeleton for anthropods. Calcium used for shells of oysters and clams.
