PSYC 3140 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Unmoved Mover, Ancient Greek Philosophy, Teleology
8 May 2018
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PSYC 3140
Lecture 3
i. Entelechy is the inherent, built-in purpose that seeks to manifest itself. It
keeps an object moving/developing in its prescribed direction until its
teleological purpose is fulfilled (movement to actualization (20th Century
Humanism)
ii. All natural things, animate and inanimate have a fixed purpose, denying
evolution,
iii. Scala naturae – idea that nature is arranged in a hierarchy of souls from
neutral matter to the unmoved mover. The closer a thing is to the
unmoved mover, perfect it is. (Humans closest).
1. 3 types of souls. Vegetative, sensitive (animal), and rational(only
humans have rational) Pg 52.
2. Rational Sound (humans) have 2 functions: passive reason and
active reason.
iv. Material cause – what it’s made of
v. Formal cause – the particular form, shape, or pattern of an object
vi. Efficient cause – How the thing came into being. force that transforms
the matter into a certain form
vii. Final cause – the purpose “why” for which an object exists.
b. Because everything was thought to have a cause, Aristotle postulated an
unmoved mover that caused everything in the world but was not itself
caused. Unmoved mover, pure actuality that give everything in nature it’s
purpose (essence)
c. Believed in the “good life”
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