POL SCI 164A Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Implicit-Association Test, Appraisal Theory, Preconscious
30 Apr 2018
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PS 164A Lecture 3/22 Attitudes and Emotions
Two perspectives on attitudes
1. One attitude is implicit and one is explicit
2. One attitude, two different ways of getting it - one by asking and one by indirect stimulus
a. Implicit and explicit measures of an attitude
Implicit measurement of attitudes
1. Implicit Association Test (IAT)
a. Pairing object with positive stimulus and normal but important stimulus
b. Measure speed in relation to positive and negative attitude
c. Depends on speed association which can be faulty
d. Showing objects, if you have a positive attitude toward the object you will click on
positive words or images more quickly
e. Pairs of images and words, sort it into one or the other
2. Evaluative priming method (EPM)
a. Subliminal prime object
b. Positive or negative word is flashed, task is to hit the corresponding button (looks
at speed) ***OR*** scrambled word, find anagrams (speed will be faster for
negative word with negative attitude and vice versa; slower if the attitude and
word don’t match)
3. Affective misattribution procedure (AMP)
a. Present people with a target (the object) and ask questions, look at responses
b. Present people with an object and ask them an irrelevant question about it
c. Show some picture that is unrelated to image and ask them to rate it on a 0 to 10
scale
i. The rating is indicative of attitude to first image
EMOTIONS. Qualities:
● Transitory
● Object-specific
● Labeled
Relationship between emotions and attitudes is a mess
Pre-conscious vs. post-conscious emotion
- Pre: affective intelligence theory
- Post: cognitive appraisal approach/theory
Document Summary
Two perspectives on attitudes: one attitude is implicit and one is explicit, one attitude, two different ways of getting it - one by asking and one by indirect stimulus a. The rating is indicative of attitude to first image. Relationship between emotions and attitudes is a mess. Then either goes to surveillance system or disposition system depending on the nature of the emotion. Anger has a negative valence and relatively arousing. Surveillance and disposition system happens within the ai theory. If you"re high or low on enthusiasm attitude is affected. If you"re high on anxiety stop, pay attention to info in the environment (learn), make choices based on new info than on habitual information. If you"re low on anxiety keep doing your thing. Cognitive appraisal thinks that the idea of two dimensions in affective intelligence is ridiculous. Something happens, cause is identifiable, and action can be taken against it.
