GEOL 1010 Lecture 20: ENERGY & MINERAL RESOURCES 2
1 Dec 2016
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Renewable energy: rate of replenishment > rate of consumption. Non-renewable: rate of replenishment < rate of consumption. Oil and gas: oil and natural gas is formed from bodies of dead plankton and algae. Natural gas, bottled gas, gasoline, kerosene, heating oil, petroleum. Plankton die, organic rich mud from, heat and pressure, forms. Kerogen (h and c), kerogen migrates and are trapped under geological features (impermeable cap rock or fault planes) Source rock: rich in organic matter (ex: shale) Reservoir rock - petroleum can be stored and transmitted (ex: sandstone: needs to be porous and permeable. Oil and gas from in specific temp ranges (oil window: larger window for natural gas than oil. Migration pathway: fractures and bedding porosity. Reservoir rock: rock that is permeable or can be fractured. Conventional oil or gas reserve requires: source rock, migration pathway, reservoir rock, trap. Unconventional oil or gas reserve requires: source rock: go straight to the source, drill horizontally through the rock.
