COM 110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Pathos, Exact Sciences, False Dilemma
PREPARING TO PARTICIPATE
Chapter 17: Building Arguments
17.1
Knowledge
Define argument.
What are the six elements of the argument model?
According to the EBook (pg. 258), “an argument is a term used to refer to the
process of advancing claims supported by evidence and reasoning.” There are six
elements involved in the argument model.
The six elements are:
1. Claims
a. Representing in the point that the speaker advocates. (Fact, Value, Policy)
2. Evidence
a. Employed to substantiate the speakers claim through stats, facts,
examples, and analogies
3. Evidence Credibility Statements
a. These are brief statements that will establish the quality of the information
you use to support your ideas.
4. Warrants
a. This provides you with justification and reasoning to connect the evidence
with our claim.
5. Qualifiers
a. These admit expectations and show that argumentation is not an exact
science.
6. Rebuttals
a. Not only states the other sides (counterarguments) to your position, but
attacks them head on. These include One-sided and multi-sided messages.
i. One-sided messages- Give arguments in favor of the speakers
position on the issue.
ii. Multi-sided messages- Present the multiple perspectives of the
controversial issue.
Application
What's the difference between an argument and a disagreement?
What are the consequences of neglecting one of the six elements of a persuasive speech?
An argument is when one person “wins.” They have full intention in persuading the
other to believe in what they believe. On the other hand, a disagreement is a lack of
agreement that can be discussed. In this case, no one wins or is being persuaded. If you
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
What are the six elements of the argument model? process of advancing claims supported by evidence and reasoning. there are six elements involved in the argument model. These include one-sided and multi-sided messages: one-sided messages- give arguments in favor of the speakers position on the issue, multi-sided messages- present the multiple perspectives of the controversial issue. An argument is when one person wins. they have full intention in persuading the other to believe in what they believe. On the other hand, a disagreement is a lack of agreement that can be discussed. In this case, no one wins or is being persuaded. If you neglect one of the six elements your claim will not be 100% eligible. You must include all six elements if you want your topic to be credible. The three persuasive appeals are: logos, rational proofs you use to support arguments in your speech (rational proofs-premises that lead to the conclusion), pathos, pathos refers to emotion.
