ECON 1201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Demand Curve

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25 Sep 2018

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ECON 1201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Deadweight Loss, Price Floor

ECON 1201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Demand Curve

ECON 1201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Normal Good

Document Summary

A demand curve is elastic when an increase in price reduces the quantity demanded a lot (and vice versa). When the same increase in price reduces quantity demanded just a little, then the demand curve is inelastic. Ex. even for ambulance rides: we know there is an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded. The more responsive quantity demanded is to change in price, the more elastic is the demand curve. If two linear demand (or supply) curves run through a common point, then at any given quantity, the curve that if flatter is more elastic. Price elasticity of demand = the percentage change in quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in price. If the price of oil increases by 10% and the quantity demanded falls. 5%, then the price elasticity of demand for oil is: -5% / 10% = -0. 5. There is a problem: our percent change calculation depends on our choice of starting point.

Related Questions

interval (or arc) elasticity

cross-price elasticity

price elasticity of demand

elastic demand

income elasticity

inelastic demand

inframarginal units

marginal revenue

point elasticity

price effect

quantity effect

total revenue

unitary elastic demand

1. __________________ A measure of consumersâ sensitivity or responsiveness to changes in the price of a good or service.

2. ___________________ When the percentage change in price (in absolute value) is more than the percentage change in quantity demanded (in absolute value).

3. ___________________ When the percentage change in quantity demanded (in absolute value) is more than the percentage change in price (in absolute value).

4. ___________________ When the percentage change in quantity demanded (in absolute value) is just equal to the percentage change in price (in absolute value).

5. ___________________ Total amount paid to a producer for a good or service P * Q.

6. ___________________ The effect on total revenue of a change in price, holding quantity constant.

7. ___________________ The effect on total revenue of a change in quantity, holding price constant.

8. ___________________ An elasticity calculated over an interval of a demand curve or demand schedule.

9. ___________________ Elasticity at a specific price or point on a demand curve.

10. ___________________ A measure of how responsive quantity demanded is to a change in income, all other things constant.

11. ___________________ A measure showing how responsive the quantity demanded of one good is to changes in the price of another good, other factors constant.

12. ___________________ The additional revenue received by producing and selling one more unit of output.

13. ___________________ Units of output that could have been sold at a higher price had the firm not lowered its price to sell additional (marginal) units.

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Discussion #1

The law of demand states that a fall in the price of a good raises the quantity demanded, and the increase in price leads to a decrease in quantity demanded. The price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of the quantity demanded to a change in price. Demand for a good is said to be elastic if the quantity demanded responds substantially to changes in the price, and the percentage change in quantity demanded is greater than the percentage change in price. Demand is said to be inelastic if the quantity demanded responds only slightly to changes in the price, which indicates that the percentage in price is greater than the percentage in quantity demanded.

However, the extent of responsiveness of quantity demanded to a change in price depends on the nature of a particular good or service in the market. The price elasticity of demand partly depends on the availability of close substitutes. When a large number of substitutes are available, consumers respond to a higher price of a good by buying more of the substitute goods and less of the relatively more expensive good. In addition, goods or services that are considered necessities tend to have less elastic (more inelastic) demand, whereas goods or services that are considered luxuries have more elastic (less inelastic) demands.

Explain why the demand for the good or service provided by the organization you work for is elastic or inelastic. How does this influence pricing decisions?
Provide examples on how the availability of close substitutes affects price elasticity of demand.
Give specific examples of necessities or luxuries, and explain how they affect price elasticity of goods or services.

Please answer ALL bulletins and place the answers under the correct bulletin.

1. If a 3 percent increase in price leads to a 5 percent increase in quantity supplied, then

a. Supply is unit elastic

b. Demand is inelastic.

c. Demand is elastic.

d. Supply is elastic.

e. Supply is inelastic.

2. Moving along a demand curve, the quantity demanded decreases 8 percent when price increases 10 percent.

The price elasticity of demand is calculated to be ________.

Given the price elasticity of demand calculated in part a, demand is ________ (elastic, inelastic or unitary elastic) along this portion of the demand curve.

3. Fill in the blanks:

When demand is elastic, the _______ effect dominates the _______ effect.

When demand is inelastic, the _______ effect dominates the _______ effect.

4. Use the following coordinates to answer the following questions.

(2400, $0), (1800, $3), (1000, $7), and (0, $12)

a. Find the arc price elasticity of demand over the price range from $3 to $7. Interpret the value of price elasticity.

ECON 1201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Demand Curve

ECON 1201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Deadweight Loss, Price Floor

ECON 1201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Demand Curve

ECON 1201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Normal Good

Document Summary

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