NUTR.2060 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Galactose, Cortisol, Transamination
1 Mar 2017
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Document Summary
Cells in the human body: cells are the smallest functional unit of the body, cells have the ability to: Conduct metabolic and physiological reactions and functions. Metabolism: metabolism refers to the chemical processes, reactions involved in maintaining life: Enables us to release energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (atp) from carbohydrate, fat, protein, and alcohol. Permits us to synthesize new substances utilizing atp and excretes waste products. Regulated predominantly by vitamins and minerals: anabolism builds larger compounds: Glucose, fatty acids and glycerol, and amino acids are building blocks to glycogen, triglycerides and protein. More prominent during growth and following meals: catabolism break down compounds: Larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones (reverse of anabolism) Also produces co2 , h2o , and atp. More prominent during weight loss or wasting disease, fasting/starvation and. Catabolism: energy for the cell: food energy (macronutrients) > chemical energy, mechanical energy and heat, adenosine triphosphate (atp) (chemical energy)
