BIOL 150 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Constipation, Hexose, Chemical Formula
Document Summary
Polysaccharides- many sugars; large; well over 1000 carbon-hydrate groups: does not consist of carbon bonded with water molecules. Several hydroxyl groups (-oh: multiple carbon-hydrogen bonds (c-h) Pentose- ribose; five carbon; building block for nucleotides: hexose- glucose; six carbon sugar, spatial arrangement of atoms. Location of hydroxyl group: ring forms of same molecule with alternative forms, glucose, alpha glucose- less stable; above ring, beta glucose- more stable; below ring, sugars, polar molecules, dissolve in aqueous solutions, make hydrogen bonds with water. The structure of polysaccharides: simple sugars form covalent bonds to form chains of varying lengths called complex. Structure and function varies on types of monomers and how they are linked: hydrolysis- inverse reaction; breaks these linkages, two of most common glycosidic linkage, maltose- called alpha 1, 4 glycosidic linkage. C-1 carbon and c-6 carbon: amylopectin, branching occurs at about one out of every 30 glucose, glycogen residues.
