Problem 72

Given information

The change in entropy gives information about the state of the system.

Step-by-step explanation

The explanation for the correct answers:

Option (a) is a condensation of water. The condensation of water results in the formation of a liquid state from a gaseous state. This results in a decrease in the entropy of the system because the liquid state has less randomness than the gaseous state. The entropy of the universe is always positive for the successful completion of a reaction. Thus, the entropy of the surrounding increases during the condensation of water.

Option (c) is freezing of water. Water freezing involves the conversion of liquid water into solid ice. This results in a decrease in entropy because solid ice is a closely packed structure and is more organized than liquid water. The entropy of the universe is always positive, so as the entropy of the system decreases, the entropy of the surroundings increases.

Thus, both options (a) and (c) are correct.