BIOL125 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Prostaglandin, Collagen, Skull
8 Jun 2018
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Protection in the Nervous System
• Protection from the outside
o Skull
o Epidural space
o Dura mater
o Subdural space
o Arachnoid mater
o Subarachnoid space
o Pia mater
o Brain tissue
• 3.23. The location and function of ventricular system of the central nervous system
o Brain ventricles
▪ Lateral ventricle
▪ Two ventricles, each sitting on a hemisphere
▪ The third ventricle
▪ Connects the two lateral ventricles
▪ Sit at the thalamus
▪ The fourth ventricle
▪ Sits at the bottom near the cerebellum
▪ CSF flows around the brain
▪ Contains cells that produce CSF and helps form the central canal
(through spinal cord)
• 3.24. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
o 3.24.1. its roles in protecting and nourishing the brain
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• Protects against sudden movement
• Cushions delicate neural structures
• Supports brain
• Transports nutrients, chemical messengers, and waste products
o 3.24.2. where it is made and how production and reabsorption are balanced
• Lining tissue of the roof of the ventricles (choroid plexus) produces
cerebrospinal fluid
• Choroid plexus has cilia - helps with circulation of CSF
• Single layer of epithelial cells that line the fluid filled ventricles of the brain
• Form tight junctions of blood brain barrier with capillaries at these positions
o 3.24.3. its circulation through the ventricles and subarachnoid space
• Percolates down through the ventricular system and enters the central canal
of SC
• Small foramina in the fourth ventricle allow CSF to escape into the
subarachnoid space (spinal and cerebral)
• From subarachnoid space the CSF is reabsorbed into the venous blood via the
arachnoid villi into venous sinuses
• Total volume 150mL, produce and reabsorb 400-500mL daily
• 3.25, 3.26 The location of the meninges, and their role in protection of the brain and
spinal cord
o Really tough fibrous membranes
o Stabilise brain in cranial cavity
o 3.25.1. dura mater ("hard mother")
• Fibrous connective tissue
• Thick, tough, inelastic
• Prevents contact between the brain tissue and the scalp
• 2 layered meningeal and periosteal
▪ Outer dura (periosteal) attaches to inner skull
▪ Inner dura (meningeal) attaches to arachnoid
• Spinal dura (1 layer only) attaches to coccyx (filium terminale externum)
▪ Pain receptors
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Document Summary
Protection in the nervous system: protection from the outside, skull, epidural space, dura mater, subdural space, arachnoid mater, subarachnoid space, pia mater, brain tissue, 3. 23. The location and function of ventricular system of the central nervous system: brain ventricles. Lateral ventricle: two ventricles, each sitting on a hemisphere, the third ventricle, connects the two lateral ventricles. Sit at the thalamus: the fourth ventricle. Sits at the bottom near the cerebellum: csf flows around the brain, contains cells that produce csf and helps form the central canal (through spinal cord, 3. 24. The cerebrospinal fluid (csf: 3. 24. 1. its roles in protecting and nourishing the brain, protects against sudden movement, cushions delicate neural structures, transports nutrients, chemical messengers, and waste products. Supports brain: 3. 24. 2. where it is made and how production and reabsorption are balanced. Lining tissue of the roof of the ventricles (choroid plexus) produces cerebrospinal fluid: choroid plexus has cilia - helps with circulation of csf.
