ESH120 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Natural Number, 5,6,7,8, Mushy Peas
9 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Your% Role% as%a%Teacher:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RzQctuHhHtM#action=share
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GnIWYkSIKTI#action=share
•
Critical%Numeracy:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zI7JdwB71tk#action=share
•
This%week% is%the%starting% of%a% series% of%short%lectures% about% the% fundamentals % of mathematics.%
Fundamentals% of Mathematics-Features% of%our%Number% System:
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GQ2jRaJhDtE#action=share
Lecture
Blastland%&%Dilnot:%chapters%1%and%2
•
Readings
The$ Role$ of$a$Teacher$Includes $Things $s uch$as:
-To%teach% reading,% writing% and% arithmetic%
-To%prepare% students %for%future%employment
-To%encourage% students%to%think%independently
-To%prepare% students%to%be%citiz ens% of%our%society
-To%teaching% values % such%as%honesty%and% fairness
The% Melbourne% Declaration%states%that%one%of%the%goals%of%education%is%that%all%young%Australians%will%become% active% and%
informed% citizens.% As%a% teacher% you%will% need% to%show% your%students%how% you%are% an% active% and%informed% citizen% yourself.%
One%way% do%to%this%is%to%help%your%students%to%think%about% what%they%see% in%here.% In%this%unit%we% will% look%at% how%numbers%
are% used% in%the% media.
•
Notes
Notes%from% Your%Role%as%a%Teacher% Lecture
Define
•
Critical%numeracy% is%used%to%analyse% the%credibility%of%mathematical% concepts%in%everyday% contexts;%such%as%media%articles.
Framework$ for$critical$ numeracy$(Utas$Jane$Wats on)
•
Step$ 1.
Identify% the% mathematical% terminology in%the% article
Step$ 2.
Determine% the%meaning% of%the%mathematical% terminology in%the% context% of%the%article
Step$ 3.
Critique%the%article.% What%information%do%you%need%to%know%before% you%can%make%a%judgement% of%the%credibility% of%the%
article?
For$Example:
Step% 1.%
Percentage,% rate,% risk,,,% time,%number%of,%more%likely,% etc.%e.g.% Rate% of%60%beats%per%minute
Step% 2.%
Forming% a% sentence% from%step% 1
Step% 3.%
How%often,%who%did%the%study,%etc.
•
Notes%from% Critical%Numeracy% Lecture
What$has$this$got$to$do$with$you?
-Are% you%able% to%model% to%your% students%how%to%be% thoughtful%about% what% they% read% and% see?
•
Ways$to$Look$at$Numbers
•
Cardinal
ACardinal%number%refers%to%quantity.%For%example: 1,%2,%3%etc.
-
Nominal
Nominal%numbers%are% numeric% codes,%meaning% numerals% used%for%identification% only.% The% numerical% value% is%irrelevant% as %
they% do%not%indicate%quantity,% rank,%or%any%other%measurement.% For%example:% Number% 103%bus.
-
Ordinal%
Ordinal%numbers% define% the% position%of%something%in%a%series.% For%example:% 1st,%2nd,%3rd%etc.
-
The$ Place$Value$ Sys tem•
The% place% value% sys tem% is%made% of%only%ten% numbers:% 0,% 1 ,%2,%3,%4,%5,% 6,%7,%8,%9 .%Place% value is%the% basis%of%our%entire% number%
system.% The place% value%system is%one%in% which%the% position%of%a%digit% in%a% number% determines% its value.% In% the%
standard system,% called% base% ten,% each place represents% ten% times% the value of%the place to% its%right-for%example:% 472%is%4%
hundreds,%7%tens%and%2%units.%
*pleas e% remember% that%z ero% is %a%number,% it's%not%nothing.% %For% example:% on%a% thermometer% it% s ignifies%degree.
How$Numbers$are$Classified•
Natural%Numbers%(counting%numbers)
Natural%numbers%are% whole% numbers.% For%example:% 1,%2,%3%etc.
-
Integers
Integers% are% a%whole number that%can% be%positive,% negative,% or%zero.%For%example:% -3,%-2,%-1,%0,%1,%2,%3%etc.
-
Rational%Numbers
Rational%numbers%are% any numbers%that%can%be%expressed%as%'a%over%b'%(a/b)%using%integers.% For%example:% 1/3,%2/7,%111/343%
etc.% Any% two% integers% over% each% other% is %a%rational% number.% (they% are% fractions )
-
Real%Numbers
-
All% the% rational% and%irrational% numbers% are% included%in%real% numbers.
Irrational% numbers
-
Irrational% numbers% cannot%be% expressed% in%the% form% a/b.% For% example:% pi%and%the% square% root.
What$is$the$Largest$ Number?
•
There% isn't%one-infinity% is%a%concept% not%a% number.
Notes%from% An%Introduction%to%Numbers%Lecture
"Counting:$Use$Mushy$Peas"$Review
-As%the% authors%of%The% Tiger% pointed% out,%something% needs% to% be%defined% before% it%is%counted.% This%is%not%always% a%simple,%
which% is%why%the% authors% refer% to%"mushy%peas".
-Why%did%the%authors% of%The% Tiger% say%we% count%like%we% are% counting%"mushy%peas"?
We% sometimes% have% to%'mush'%numbers%together% to%make% things%fit.%E.g.% What%do%we% want% to%count?%Sheep.% How%many% are%
there?% Three.% But% one%is%a% lamb% and%does%that%still%count%as%a%sheep% and%one% is%pregnant% so%does%that%count%as%two% sheep?
•
"Size:$Its$Personal"$Review
Simplify% numbers% and%they% become% clear;% clarify% numbers% and% you%stand%apart% with% rare% authority.% So% simply%ask:% "Is%that% a%
big%number?"%E.g.% 1%in%5%men%aged% 65%will%die%before% aging%67-is%that%a% big% number?% Yes,% it% would%be% a% catastrophic% number%
to%die% within% two% years.%E.g.% The% government% spending%300million% over%5%years% to%create% a% million% new%childcare% places-is%
that%a%big%number?%Share% it%out%and% it%equals%300%dollars%per% place,%divided% by% 5%and%its%60%dollars%a% year,% spread% across%52
weeks% per% year% and%that% is%1.15%dollars %per% week…% its%not%a% big% number.
•
Notes%from% 'The%Tiger% That% Isn't':%%Chapter% 1%and%2%
Week$2-Critical$Numeracy
Document Summary
Your role as a teacher: https://www. youtube. com /watch?v =rzqctuhhhtm#action=share https://www. youtube. com /watch?v =gniw yks ikti#action=share. Critical numeracy: https://www. youtube. com /watch?v =zi7jdwb71tk #action =shar e. This week is the starting of a series of short lectures about the fundamentals of mathematics. Fundamentals of mathematics- features of our number system: https://www. youtube. com /watch?v =gq2jr ajhdte#action =shar e. Notes from your role as a teacher lecture. The role of a teacher includes things such as: To prepare students to be citizens of our society. To teaching values such as honesty and fairness. The melbourne declaration states that one of the goals of education is that all young australians will become active and informed citizens. As a teacher you will need to show your students how you are an active and informed citizen yourself. One way do to this is to help your students to think about what they see in here. In this unit we will look at how numbers are used in the media.
