CHEM 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Coordinate Covalent Bond, Lattice Energy, Ionic Bonding

• School: McMaster University
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHEM 1A03
• Professor: Lydia Chen

Document Summary

Distinguish ionic from covalent bonding and determine bond polarity. Draw resonance structures and calculate average formal charge and average bond order. Ionic bonding usually occurs between a metal and a non-metal and involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. Example: if we have sodium and chlorine, the electron from the sodium atom will be lost and the chlorine atom would gain one in order to attain noble-gas configurations. We measure the strength of an ionic bond using a term called lattice enthalpy. This is defined as the energy released when we take a stoichiometric number of moles of ions in the gas phase and combine them into one mole of a salt, in the solid state. In a covalent bond, electrons are shared and it generally occurs between two non-metals. This is because both atoms are trying to complete their octet.