Biology 2382B Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Signal Transduction, Cell Signaling, Membrane Transport Protein
11 Jan 2015
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Lecture 9 - basic principles of cell signaling and gpcr system. Signal transduction is always occurring in the body in a controlled manner and involves the conversion of one signal into another. Physical and chemical stimuli can trigger signal transduction that include growth factors, cytokines, hormones, ecm, neurotransmitters, light, sound, etc. Signal transduction happens from when you are born until you are dead. If it is not regulated it leads to diseases. Some players when it comes to signal transduction: receptor tyrosine kinases (rtk"s, g-protein coupled receptors (gpcr"s, proto-oncogenes (ras, mitogen activated protein kinases (mapk) Signal is a molecule that we refer to as a ligand or a primary messenger and they initially trigger response in the cell. They could be small molecules such as epinephrine, acetylcholine, and steroids), peptide hormones, monoamines etc. or they could be large molecules like growth factors and cytokines (proteins). The ones that elicit response in cells are the receptors.
